Some CO2-derived products also involve permanent carbon retention, in particular building materials. CO2 use can support climate goals where the application is scalable, uses low-carbon energy and displaces a product with higher life-cycle emissions. All five categories could individually be scaled-up to a market size of at least 10 MtCO2/yr – almost as much as the current CO2 demand for food and beverages – but most face commercial and regulatory barriers. This analysis considers the near-term market potential for five key categories of CO2-derived products and services: fuels, chemicals, building materials from minerals, building materials from waste, and CO2 use to enhance the yields of biological processes. New opportunities to use carbon dioxide (CO2) in the development of products and services are capturing the attention of governments, industry and the investment community interested in mitigating climate change as well as in other factors, including technology leadership and supporting a circular economy.
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